Broken iPhone questions...?

my mom was out for a walk one day recent and she found a broken iphone. in the charging port it was kinda corroded seeming as though the snow is starting to melt. no cracks on the screen or nothing and i think its a 1st generation... so i have a few questions. 1.is it possible to see if it takes a charge from my friends iPOD charger.. if not.. 2. how can i find out whats wrong with it so i can repair it without really sending it in somewhere cause my parents wont let me.